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Biology Comprehensive Practice Test 5

An online Biology practice test covering Reproduction, Growth & Development, and Photosynthesis, Plant Nutrition & Transport — progressing from foundational knowledge to application, analysis and higher-order reasoning.

EDUSAMBAM Editorial Team·45 questions · 100 marks·Basic → Advanced·Last updated: November 2026
45
Questions
100
Marks
5
Sections
100%
Auto-Graded
SectionQuestionsMarks eachTotal marks
A — Multiple Choice15230
B — True / False10220
C — Fill in the Blank10220
D — Column Matching5 pairs210
E — Short Answer5420
Total45—100

Fill-in-the-blank answers are checked against accepted spellings of the key term. Short answers are marked against a marking guide: write a full answer (at least 8 words) and you earn marks for each key idea you include. After you submit, every question shows the correct answer with a short explanation.

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Section A — Multiple Choice

30 marks

15 questions · 2 marks each. Choose the best answer.

1.Which statement about asexual reproduction is correct?Basic2 pts
Why: The correct answer is A. Asexual reproduction needs one parent and no gametes, so offspring are clones. Sexual reproduction produces variation.
2.Fertilisation is:Basic2 pts
Why: The correct answer is D. Fertilisation joins two haploid gametes to make a diploid zygote.
3.Which type of cell division produces new cells for growth and repair?Basic2 pts
Why: The correct answer is B. Mitosis makes two genetically identical diploid cells. Meiosis makes gametes.
4.In a flowering plant, pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther to a:Basic2 pts
Why: The correct answer is C. Pollen from the anther (male part) lands on the stigma (female part). Fertilisation happens later, after the pollen tube grows.
5.In a human pregnancy, the placenta:Basic2 pts
Why: The correct answer is D. The placenta is where materials pass between the mother's and fetus's blood without the two bloods mixing directly.
6.Which set of conditions does a seed need in order to germinate?Intermediate2 pts
Why: The correct answer is B. Water, oxygen and warmth are needed. Light is not needed for most seeds until the seedling emerges.
7.Cell differentiation is the process in which:Intermediate2 pts
Why: The correct answer is A. Differentiation produces specialised cells, such as muscle or nerve cells, from less specialised cells.
8.A zygote is:Intermediate2 pts
Why: The correct answer is C. A zygote is the first cell of a new individual, formed when two gametes fuse.
9.The main site of photosynthesis in plant cells is the:Intermediate2 pts
Why: The correct answer is B. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and the enzymes needed for photosynthesis.
10.Photosynthesis converts light energy into:Intermediate2 pts
Why: The correct answer is A. Light energy is stored as chemical energy in glucose and other organic compounds.
11.Carbon dioxide enters most leaves mainly through:Advanced2 pts
Why: The correct answer is D. Stomata are pores, mostly on the lower surface of the leaf, that allow gas exchange.
12.Xylem primarily transports:Advanced2 pts
Why: The correct answer is C. Xylem carries water and dissolved mineral ions from the roots to the rest of the plant.
13.Phloem transports:Advanced2 pts
Why: The correct answer is A. Phloem moves sugars from where they are made or released (sources) to where they are used or stored (sinks).
14.If a plant's stomata close, a likely immediate effect is:Advanced2 pts
Why: The correct answer is D. Closed stomata cut off both carbon dioxide entering and water vapour leaving the leaf.
15.A plant with adequate light but very low magnesium may have reduced photosynthesis because:Advanced2 pts
Why: The correct answer is B. Magnesium is part of the chlorophyll molecule, so a shortage reduces light absorption.

Section B — True / False

20 marks

10 questions · 2 marks each.

16.Sexual reproduction usually produces offspring that are genetically different from their parents.Basic2 pts
Why: The answer is True. Meiosis and the fusion of two gametes produce new combinations of alleles.
17.Mitosis produces genetically different gametes.Basic2 pts
Why: The answer is False. Mitosis produces identical cells. Gametes are made by meiosis.
18.Pollination and fertilisation are the same process in plants.Basic2 pts
Why: The answer is False. Pollination is the transfer of pollen. Fertilisation is the fusion of male and female gametes, which happens later.
19.A human fetus develops inside the mother's uterus.Basic2 pts
Why: The answer is True. The fetus grows in the uterus, attached to the placenta by the umbilical cord.
20.Growth in many multicellular organisms involves both cell division and cell enlargement.Intermediate2 pts
Why: The answer is True. New cells are made by mitosis and then they grow larger and specialise.
21.Plants require carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.Intermediate2 pts
Why: The answer is True. Carbon dioxide is the carbon source for making glucose.
22.Photosynthesis occurs only in roots.Intermediate2 pts
Why: The answer is False. Photosynthesis occurs in green tissues containing chloroplasts, mainly in leaves.
23.Xylem is associated mainly with water and mineral transport.Advanced2 pts
Why: The answer is True. Xylem vessels carry water and mineral ions upward from the roots.
24.Transpiration is identical to photosynthesis.Advanced2 pts
Why: The answer is False. Transpiration is loss of water vapour. Photosynthesis makes sugars.
25.Increasing light intensity always increases the rate of photosynthesis without limit.Advanced2 pts
Why: The answer is False. Another factor, such as carbon dioxide or temperature, eventually becomes limiting.

Section C — Fill in the Blank

20 marks

10 questions · 2 marks each. Type the missing word or term.

26.Sperm are produced in the male organs called the ______.Intermediate2 pts
Why: Sperm are made in the testes.
27.In females, eggs are released from the ______.Intermediate2 pts
Why: An ovary releases an egg during ovulation.
28.In humans the organ in which the fetus develops is the ______.Intermediate2 pts
Why: The fetus grows in the uterus (womb).
29.Unspecialised cells that can develop into many different cell types are called ______ cells.Intermediate2 pts
Why: Stem cells can divide and differentiate.
30.The male gametes of flowering plants are found inside grains called ______.Intermediate2 pts
Why: Pollen grains contain the male gametes.
31.The green pigment that absorbs light for photosynthesis is ______.Advanced2 pts
Why: Chlorophyll absorbs mostly red and blue light.
32.Stomata are opened and closed by a pair of ______ cells.Advanced2 pts
Why: Guard cells change shape to open or close the pore.
33.Loss of water vapour from leaves is called ______.Advanced2 pts
Why: Transpiration pulls water up the xylem.
34.Movement of sugars through phloem from sources to sinks is called ______.Advanced2 pts
Why: Translocation moves assimilates around the plant.
35.The tissue beneath the upper epidermis that contains many chloroplasts is the ______ mesophyll.Advanced2 pts
Why: Palisade cells are tall and packed with chloroplasts.

Section D — Column Matching

10 marks

Use the ▲ ▼ buttons to reorder Column B until each row lines up with the correct term in Column A. 2 marks per correct pair.

36–40.Match each term in Column A with the correct description in Column B.Advanced10 pts
Column A
Gamete
Mitosis
Pollination
Xylem
Phloem
Column B
Cell division that makes identical cells for growth and repair
Transports sugars from sources to sinks
Transports water and mineral ions
Haploid sex cell used in reproduction
Transfer of pollen to a stigma
Why: A gamete is a haploid sex cell; mitosis makes identical cells for growth and repair; pollination is the transfer of pollen to a stigma; xylem transports water and mineral ions; phloem transports sugars from sources to sinks.

Section E — Short Answer

20 marks

5 questions · 4 marks each. Answer in one or two full sentences (at least 8 words). Marks are given for each key idea in the marking guide.

41.Compare sexual and asexual reproduction.Advanced4 pts
42.Describe the main stages from fertilisation to the development of a human fetus.Advanced4 pts
43.Explain why seeds need water, oxygen and a suitable temperature to germinate.Advanced4 pts
44.Explain how stomata create a trade-off between carbon dioxide uptake and water conservation.Advanced4 pts
45.Explain why xylem and phloem are functionally different transport systems.Advanced4 pts
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